Tugas TPMI 1 3rd question

.Why it was only the Nothern Ireland joined to the England or in other word Southern Ireland didn’t join?

Because the majority of people in those areas were Protestant Unionists (descendant from English people "planted" there in the 16th century...planted meaning given the lands of Irish Catholics) who really wanted to remain as part of the United Kingdom.

The UK promised to review the situation after partition with the Border Commission, whose judges were supposed to be impartial, but 2 of the 3 judges were actually Unionists and so, of course, decided that the 6 counties should remain part of the North, despite the fact that large areas of them - such as Derry City - were Nationalist and wished to join the Republic.

sources :

http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090611082609AAm09s3

Why were the crosses named St George, St Andrew and St Patrick?
Are those names of important figures or people?

St.George cross is found, for various reasons, on the provincial flag of Huesca , Zaragoza and Teruel as well as the municipal flag for numerous cities, including Montreal , Almería , Milan , Genoa , Padua , Zadar and Freiburg im Breisgau . It is also the basis for the Four Moors flag ofSardinia . Guernsey was permitted to use it as its state flag between 1936 and 1985. Saint George was born to a Christian noble family in Lydda , Palestine during the late third century between about 275 AD and 285 AD, and he died in Nicomedia . His father, Gerontius, was a Roman army official from Cappadocia and his mother was from Palestine.They were both Christians and from noble families of Anici, so by this the child was raised with Christian beliefs. They decided to call him Georgius (Latin) or Geōrgios (Greek), meaning "worker of the land". At the age of 14, George lost his father; a few years later, George's mother, Polychronia, died. Eastern accounts give the names of his parents as Anastasius and Theobaste. lthough the above distillation of the legend of George connects him to the conversion of Athanasius, Edward Gibbon argued that George, or at least the legend from which the above is distilled, is based on George of Cappadocia a notorious Arian bishop who was Athanasius' most bitter rival. According to Professor Bury, Gibbon's latest editor, "this theory of Gibbon's has nothing to be said for it". He adds that: "the connection of St. George with a dragon-slaying legend does not relegate him to the region of the myth". And according to the 4th century historian Rufinus , Athanasius was actually brought up by Christian ecclesiastical authorities from a very early age, beginning while he was merely a young boy George of Cappodocia did have a military connection, but as a black market supplier , and he was strangled to death by an enraged mob, on account of his pillaging and other deprivations, rather than being executed or tortured for his faith.

St. Andrew is believed that the apostle Andrew was crucified on a saltire (X-shaped) cross; hence the name St. Andrew's Cross. He is said to have told his executioners that he was not worthy to be crucified on the same cross style as Jesus, and persuaded them to alter the shape. If this is true, it's a remarkable example of stoicism displayed by a man, no doubt beaten and starved, yet retaining the mental energy to plead such a thing with his brutal executioners. Detailed records of his crucifixion only date back to the Middle Ages, and these records are influenced be the imagination of the medieval artists. But even if the origin is a myth, the cross shape reminds Christians that they should exercise humility. Saint Andrew called in the Orthodox tradition Protokletos, or the First-called, is a Christian Apostle and the brother of Peter the Apostle. The name "Andrew", like other Greek names, appears to have been common among the Jews from the second or third century BC. No Hebrew orAramaic name is recorded for him.

The New Testament records that Andrew was the brother of Simon Peter, by which it is inferred that he was likewise a son of Jonah, or John He was born in Bethsaida on the Sea of GalileeBoth he and his brother Peter were fishermen by trade, hence the tradition that Jesus called them to be his disciples by saying that He will make them "fishers of men" At the beginning of Jesus' public life they occupied the same house at Capernaum. Andrew is said to have been martyred by crucifixion at Patras (Patrae) in Achaea. Though early texts, such as the Acts of Andrew known toGregory of Tours, describe Andrew bound, not nailed, to a Latin cross of the kind on which Christ was crucified, a tradition grew up that Andrew had been crucified on a cross of the form called Crux decussata (X-shaped cross) and commonly known as "Saint Andrew's Cross"; this was performed at his own request, as he deemed himself unworthy to be crucified on the same type of cross on which Christ was crucified. The familiar iconography of his martyrdom, showing the apostle bound to an X-shaped cross, does not seem to have been standardized before the later Middle Ages," Judith Calvert concluded after re-examining the materials studied by Louis Réau. Andrew is the patron saint of Patras. According to tradition his relics were moved from Patras to Constantinople, and thence to St Andrews(see below). Local legends say that the relics were sold to the Romans. The head of Andrew, considered one of the treasures of St Peter's Basilica, was given by the Byzantine despot Thomas Palaeologus to Pope Pius II in 1461. In recent years, by decision of Pope Paul VI in 1964, the relics that were kept in the Vatican City were sent back to Patras. The relics, which consist of the small finger, part of the top of the cranium of Andrew and small parts of the cross, have since that time been kept in the Church of St Andrew at Patras in a special shrine and are revered in a special ceremony every November 30.

St.Patrick cross is the red saltire on a white ground probably comes from the Duke of Leinster's coat of arms.

As an honour to senior Irish peers, the Most Illustrious Order of Saint Patrick was founded in 1783 by King George III. From that date, until the establishment of the Irish Free State in 1922, the official flag used to symbolise Ireland was a red saltire on white ground and known as St. Patrick's cross. The design was the heraldic arms of the highest-ranking member of the Irish aristocracy and founding member of the Order, the Duke of Leinster.

The red saltire is also used for the flag of the American State of Alabama, on the oldSpanish Cross flag of Burgundy (1506-1785) and on the current flag of Jersey (which also includes the arms of Jersey). St. Patrick has no particular connection with this small island to the south-west of Britain. The traditional belief is that Jersey, along with its neighbouring islands, was granted neutrality by Papal Bull during one of the dozen or so wars between England and France. Since Jersey was able to trade freely with both sides, they rotated the English St. George's Cross to form a red saltire, thereby differentiating their ships from English ships. Saint Patrick (Latin: Patricius) Two authentic letters from him survive, from which come the only universally accepted details of his life. When he was about 14 he was captured from Britain by Irish raiders and taken as a slave to Ireland, where he lived for six years before escaping and returning to his family. After entering the Church, he returned to Ireland as an ordained bishop in the north and west of the island, but little is known about the places where he worked and there is no contemporary evidence for any link between Patrick and any known church building. By the eighth century he had come to be revered as the patron saint of Ireland. The Irish monastery system evolved after the time of Patrick and the Irish church did not develop the diocesan model that Patrick and the other early missionaries had tried to establish.

sources :

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St_George's_Cross

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_George

http://www.seiyaku.com/customs/crosses/andrew.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Andrew

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Patrick's_Flag

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Patrick

http://www.seiyaku.com/customs/crosses/patrick.html

History of Union Jack

Why the other name of Union Flag in UK is Union Jack?

United Kingdom consists of 4 countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. In the year 1194 AD, Richard I of England introduced the Cross of St. George, a red cross on a white background, as the national flag of England until James I inherited the throne in 1603. James I of England was also King James VI of Scotland and in 1606 the flag of Scotland St Andrew, a diagonal white cross on a blue background, which combined with the Cross of St. George.


In 1707 the flag was known as "The Union" and was flown from the Royal Navy mastheads.The flag was flown from jackstaff. Jackstaff is small flagpole at the bow of the ship from which probably got its name from "Union Jack". Northern Ireland in 1801 became part of the United Kingdom and St Patrick's flag, a red diagonal cross on a white background, added to the Union Jack by King George III. In 1779 there were two more years before St Patrick's flag was added.

Here are pictures of flags from every country "

Union Jack 1801

St.Patrick (Irelandia)

Union Flag 1606

St. Andrew (Scotland)

St.George (England)

But what about the other countries in the United Kingdom, Wales? Because while the first Union Flag was created in 1606, Wales was united with England. Wales can be conquered by the British in the 13th century and in the year 1536, under Henry VIII, Act officially joined the Union of England and Wales. Therefore represented by the flag of Wales is not English or Welsh dragon yellow cross on a black background of St. David.

St. David (Wales Flag)

sources :

http://www.unionjacksupplies.co.uk/unionjack_history.htm

lupakann..lupakann..lupakann..

kata-kata itu yang selalu aku ucapkan, lupakan semua tentang hal-hal yang hanya menjadi benalu di kehidupan aku. masa lalu yang suram hanya untuk dijadikan pelajaran dan tidak usah dibahas lagi, karena itu dengan dibahasnya kembali masa lalu itu hanya akan membuka luka lama yang suda lama aku coba untuk kubur dalam-dalam. sekarang aku hanya ingin menata hidup menjadi yang lebih baik kedepannya, aku hanya ingin menjadi orang yang bisa dibanggakan oleh semua orang, baik keluarga naupun orang-orang disekitar ku.

tidak mudah menjalani kehidupan ini. butuh banyak perjuangan dan kesabaran. seoerti kata bijak bilang "TIDAK SEMUDAH MEMBALIKAN TELAPAK TANGAN" gak mudah menjalani hidup ni.

aku berharap mendapatkan dukungan dari orang-orang terkasih.

cinta mati 3 : Mulann Jameela

kamu tak kan pernah mendapatkan cinta, cinta seperti yang aku berikan kepada kamu

kamu nanti pasti kan menyadarinya saat aku tak lagi ada

kamu tak kan pernah tau betapa aku, memuja kamu seperti ku memuja dewa cinta

kamu nanti pasti kan menyadarinya saat aku tak lagi ada

reff : cinta ini cinta yang tak perlu, mendapatkan balasan cinta meski hati ku perlu

tuk menahan cinta ynag terluka

cinta yang buat ku bertahan, meski ada air mata.

kamu tak kan pernah tau betapa aku, memuja kamu seprti ku memuja dewa cinta

kamu nanti pasti kan menyadarinya saat aku tak lagi ada.

Articles on pregnant out of wedlock

Maried By Accident (aka MBA) or may be more familiar to our ears with PREGNANT outside marriage is something that our society is difficult to accept, and of course it raises as well and bring shame to the family will also be a big disgrace the family, and from side of any religion and belief must also not be justified; even in the Great Sin of Islamic belonging. In a research from the 1000 youth participants about consultations (vent) and a poll conducted Sahara Indonesia, where they had sexual intercourse performed in the largest lodging (51.5%). Following kemudia
n at home (30%), at the home of women (27.3%), hotel (11.2%), in the park (2.5%), in place of recreation (2.4%), on campus (1 , 3%), in the car (0.4
%) And unknown (0.7%).

The cause or the biggest problem of pregnancy outside marriage among teenagers due to lack of guidance from the parents. Apart from the lack of guidance from the parents, the other factor that is due to the excessive exploitation of sex through electronic media ie television or through magazines, video clips and movies. Because it's all encourage the teens to perform sexual activities in a very haphazard in their teens. With the view that they think that sex is something that is free and can be done by anyone and anywhere. At the same time, parents also make mistakes by not providing adequate sex education at home, and let their children get the wrong sex pehaman from the media. Finally, do not be surprised if a lot of perceptions that arise among teenagers is like something fun and free of risk (pregnancy or venereal disease).
According to existing research in general, youth group that was most sexual urge of the media which tend to have sex at age 14 - 16 years 2.2 times higher than other teens to see fewer of media exploitation. Human disease cases high Immunodeficiany Virus / Acquired Immnune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV / AIDS), particularly in the youth group, one of the causes promiscuity. The results of research in 12 cities in Indonesia including Denpasar showed 10-31% unmarried adolescents have had sexual intercourse. In the city of Denpasar from 633 students Upper Level High School (SLTA) is just sitting in class II, 155 people or 23.4% had experience of sexual intercourse. There is also news about activities that legalized abortion, because it upholds human rights values. Meanwhile, in a way that sexual relations among adolescents will be increased because of these activities. As for abortion itself has a risk of prolonged suffering to the health or safety of a woman's life. not true to say that someone who had an abortion she "did not feel anything and can go home immediately".
This is a very misleading information for every woman, especially those who are confused because they do not want a pregnancy that has occurred. Health risks to women who had abortions and the health risk physical safety and psychological disorders.

There are some attitudes that can be taken by parents if they have children who experience such problems, namely:

• 1. Avoid excessive emotion because it would be bad for the child
• 2. Stay provide support to the child after our disappointment.
• 3. Do not blame too much to the child, because after all parents have an important role to snagat influence the child's soul itself.
• 4. Encourage the child to pray to God for forgiveness YME

Many things that can push these things happen, by providing early education about the sexual to the child, the child to understand and not one in the mix.